Ingxenye enkulu ye-Russia-gate hysteria iwukusola iRussia ngokusabalalisa ukungezwani kwe-US nge-inthanethi "i-trolling," kodwa lokho kumane kuyihaba elilodwa phakathi kwabaningi, njengoba uWilliam Blum echaza ku-Anti-Empire Report.
Ibhalwe nguWilliam Blum
Isichazamazwi sikaWebster: i-troll – isenzo: Ukudoba ngokusebenzisa umugqa wokuyenga ngemva kwesikebhe esinyakazayo; Ibizo: Isidalwa esingaphezu kwemvelo senganekwane yaseScandinavia.
I-Red Square e-Moscow enomkhosi wasebusika kwesokunxele kanye ne-Kremlin kwesokudla ngoDisemba 2016. (Isithombe ngu-Robert Parry)
Ama-trolls e-inthanethi aseRussia azama ukuvusa impikiswano eyengeziwe mayelana nabadlali beNational Football League abaguqe ngedolo elilodwa (“bethatha “idolo”) ngesikhathi kuculwa iculo lesizwe, kusho uSen. James Lankford (R-Okla.), exwayisa ngokuthi i-United States kufanele balindele ukuthi imizamo enjalo yokuhlukanisa izokhula okhethweni oluzayo.
"Sibukele nakule mpelasonto," kusho u-Lankford, "amaRussia namapulazi abo ahamba phambili, kanye nabantu bawo be-inthanethi, baqala ukumaka 'thatha idolo' futhi bakhiphe ama-hash-tagging 'Boycott NFL'." Uthe umgomo wamaRussia “kwakuwukuzama ukukhuphula izinga lomsindo eMelika ukuzama ukudala udaba olukhulu, udaba olukhulu kakhulu njengoba bezama ukuqeda uqhekeko ezweni. Siqhubekile nokukubona lokho. Lokho sizophinde sikubone ngesikhathi sokhetho.”
I-Russia "ebangela ukuhlukana" iyindikimba evamile yosopolitiki nabezindaba baseMelika. Akukaze kuchazwe ukuthi KUNGANI? Yini okufanele iRussia izuze ngokuhlukaniswa kwamaMelika? Ingabe bacabanga ukuthi amaRussia angabantu abancane kangaka? Noma amaMelika yibo abengane?
I-CNN ngo-Okthoba 12 yathi iRussia isebenzisa i-YouTube, i-Tumblr kanye negeyimu yeselula ye-Pokemon Go “ukuze isebenzise ukungezwani kwezinhlanga nokudala ukungezwani phakathi kwamaMelika,” kuyilapho Washington Post (Oct. 12) kubika ukuthi “okuqukethwe okukhiqizwa izisebenzi zaseRussia kwakungahlosiwe kuphela ukuthonya ukhetho. Okuningi kokuthunyelwe nezikhangiso kuhloswe ukuhlukanisa abantu baseMelika ngezindaba ezishisayo ezifana nokuthuthela kwelinye izwe noma uhlanga. "
Russia! Russia! Russia!
Cabanga nje ... umphakathi waseMelika uhlukene phakathi mayelana nokufika kwabantu abavela kwamanye amazwe kanye nohlanga ... Kungenzeka kanjani lokho ngaphandle kwama-trolls aseRussia?
Isakhiwo saseWashington esedolobheni laseWashington, DC (Photo credit: Washington Post)
The Thumela (Oct. 9) kubika ukuthi umkhankaso waseRussia wokunqothula uhlala “esakhiweni esikhulu esimpunga enyakatho yenkaba yedolobha laseSt. ababengabafundi kanye nentsha. Akunakwenzeka ukungena ngaphakathi esakhiweni, futhi kunezindawo zokungena eziningi, okwenza kube nzima ukusho ukuthi ubani oyi-troll nokuthi ubani ongeyena.”
I-Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, kanye ne-Pinterest ziphakathi kwezingosi eziningi ze-inthanethi esitshelwa ukuthi zigcwele ama-troll aseRussia. Elokugcina eliqanjwe igama yisayithi eligxile ekuhlobiseni ikhaya, imfashini nezindlela zokupheka. Ingabe amaRussia ayahlanya? Noma ingabe izinsolo zaseMelika ziwuhlobo lwezinto ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi - ungalokotha ngikusho? - "inkulumo-ze"?
"Ukuthi ama-troll abe nomthelela ongakanani emiphumeleni yokhetho lwase-US akucaci," kusho umbiko Thumela kwadingeka ngivume. “Kepha ukuba khona kwabo yonke indawo kuyabonakala kuTwitter nasesigabeni sokuphawula sezincwadi ezinjengalezi Washington Post, lapho ama-troll engatholakala egxeka izindaba zezindaba, ethuka ezinye izingqwembe futhi esolana ngokuba ama-trolls.” Ingabe uqala ukuhleka?
Ngesinye isikhathi i- Thumela ibike ukuthi i-Facebook “ithole izikhangiso ezingaphezu kuka-3000 ezathengwa emkhankasweni ohlelwe yiRussia ukuze zithonye imibono yomphakathi waseMelika futhi zisebenzise uqhekeko ezindabeni eziyizingxabano.” Futhi abaphenyi be-Congressional bathi okunye ukuthengwa kwezikhangiso ze-Facebook “kwakunezigxivizo zeminwe zaseRussia ezisobala, okuhlanganisa amakheli aseRussia nezinkokhelo ezenziwe ngama-ruble,” nokuthi “ama-akhawunti alandelelwa enkampanini ye-inthanethi yaseRussia enethunzi ethenge okungenani u-$100,000 ezikhangisweni phakathi nenkathi yokhetho lwango-2016. .”
Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi i- Thumela usitshele ukuthi i-Facebook iveze ukuthi "izikhangiso eziningi azizange zikhulume ngokusobala zivuna uTrump noma uClinton," nokuthi ezinye izikhangiso zathengwa. ngemuva ukhetho. Sitsheliwe, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi ithimba le-Chief Security Officer ye-Facebook u-Alex Stamos “lalifune kabanzi ubufakazi bokuthengwa kwezikhangiso zezepolitiki kwamanye amazwe kodwa lafike lashoda.”
Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele sizibuze: Iyiphi i-savvy yezepolitiki mayelana nokhetho lwaseMelika kanye nabavoti amaRussia abanayo amaqembu eDemocratic and Republican angenawo?
Ngifunde izikhombo eziningi ezikhuluma ngalezi zikhangiso kodwa angikakahlangani nesisodwa esicaphuna amagama aqondile esikhangisweni esisodwa. Akukhona yini okuyinqaba lokho?
Ukwengeza okuyinqaba, kokunye futhi Washington Post isihloko (Sept. 28) saziswa ukuthi “ezinye zezikhangiso zathuthukisa amaqembu alwela amalungelo abantu base-Afrika baseMelika, okuhlanganisa neBlack Lives Matter, kuyilapho ezinye zisikisela ukuthi wona lawo maqembu awusongo olukhulayo lwezombangazwe, ngokusho kwabantu abajwayelene nalokhu.”
I-Politico, ijenali yeDemocratic Party-leaning, ibika ukuthi izikhangiso ze-Facebook ezixhaswe yi-Russian zeseka umuntu ongenele ukhetho lwe-Green Party u-Jill Stein, u-Democrat Bernie Sanders, kanye no-Donald Trump we-Republican.
Ubani futhi yini ebangela lezi zenzakalo eziyinqaba?
Ubumnandi obuningi nemidlalo: Umnyango Wezokuphepha Kwezwe ngoSepthemba wazisa iVirginia nezinye izifundazwe ezingama-20 ngemizamo yaseRussia yokugebenga izinhlelo zabo zokhetho ngo-2016.
Ngasekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, uNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle wase-UK u-Boris Johnson wamemezela, ngokusobala engenawo amahloni: “Asinabo ubufakazi bokuthi amaRussia abambe iqhaza ekuzameni ukubukela phansi izinqubo zethu zentando yeningi okwamanje. Empeleni asinabo lobo bufakazi. Kodwa esinakho kuwubufakazi obuningi bokuthi amaRussia ayakwazi ukwenza lokho. ”
Esigcawini sika-September 27, uMqondisi we-FBI uChristopher Wray wahlanganyela naleli culo eliqhoshayo, efakaza: “Enye yezinto esiyaziyo ukuthi abadlali baseRussia nabaseRussia bazama ukuthonya olunye ukhetho kwamanye amazwe.” UMnu. Wray ukhohlwe ukusho noma yimaphi amanye amazwe futhi amalungu eCongress akhohlwe ukumbuza noma yimaphi amagama.
Mhlawumbe isizathu esikhulu sokubuza amacala okugxambukela kweRussia okhethweni lwase-US lwangowezi-2016 wukuthi uMengameli waseRussia uPutin ubezifaka engcupheni yokuthi obekulindeleke ukuthi adle umhlanganiso, uHillary Clinton, ubenganikwa isizathu sokuziphindiselela kuye nasezweni lakhe. Kodwa lokho kungukunengqondo futhi kunengqondo, izimfanelo ezimbili iMpi Yomshoshaphansi yesiBili ayisasebenzi ngaphezu kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi I.
Yazi Isitha Sakho
IPentagon's Defence Intelligence Agency yakhipha umbiko ngoJuni onesihloko esithi “Russia: Amandla Ezempi: Ukwakha amasosha ukuze asekele izifiso ezinkulu zamandla.” Nansi isiqephu:
I-Pentagon, indlunkulu yoMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-US, njengoba ibhekwa noMfula iPotomac kanye neWashington, DC, ngemuva. (Isithombe soMnyango Wezokuvikela)
"IMoscow ihlose ukukhuthaza umhlaba onama-polar amaningi osekelwe ezimisweni zokuhlonipha ubukhosi bombuso kanye nokungagxambukeli ezindabeni zangaphakathi zezinye izifundazwe, ubukhulu beNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene, kanye nokulinganisa ngokucophelela kwamandla okuvimbela izwe elilodwa noma iqembu lezifunda. kusukela ekubuseni uhlelo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ukweseka lezi zifiso ezinkulu zamandla, iMoscow ifune ukwakha ibutho lezempi eliqinile elikwazi ukwenza amandla, lengeze ukwethembeka kubuchwephesha baseRussia, futhi liqinisekise ukuthi izithakazelo zaseRussia ngeke zisakwazi ukuchithwa ngaphandle kwemiphumela. … I-Russia futhi inokuthenjwa okujulile nokuqhubekayo kwemizamo yase-US yokuthuthukisa intando yeningi emhlabeni wonke kanye nalokho ekubona njengomkhankaso wase-US wokuphoqelela isethi eyodwa yezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke.”
Izifiso ezinkulu zamandla, impela. Lawo ma-Russki angalokotha akhuthaze kanjani umhlaba onama-polar amaningi, ukuhlonipha ubukhosi bombuso, ukungagxambukeli, iZizwe Ezihlangene, kanye nokulinganisela kwamandla? Konke kuphuma ngqo encwadini yokudlala ka-Lenin, uhlelo lokugubha iminyaka eyi-100.
Mayelana ne-US ekhuthaza intando yeningi emhlabeni wonke … Oh kulungile, yilokho iPentagon ekubiza ngokuthi iSaudi Arabia, Qatar, Egypt, Philippines, Honduras, Turkey, et al.
UWilliam Blum ungumbhali, isazi-mlando, kanye nomgxeki owaziwayo wenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-US. Ungumbhali we Ukubulala Ithemba: Ukungenelela Kwezempi Yase-US kanye ne-CIA Kusukela NgeMpi Yezwe II futhi I-Rogue State: Umhlahlandlela oMandla oMhlaba kuphela, phakathi kwabanye. [Le ndatshana yavela okokuqala ku-Anti-Empire Report, https://williamblum.org/ .]
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